Behavior in many organism ( both prokaryotic and eukaryotic ) is controlled by both single genes and polygenic systems.At the biochemical level,these genes work by controlling cascades of metabolic reactions such as phosphorylation,methylation,and ion flux.

Behavior is defined generally as reaction to stimuli or environment.in broad time,every action,reaction and response represent a type of behavior.Animals run,remain still,or counterattack in the presence f a predator; bird build complex and distinctive nest;fruit flies execute intricate courtship rituals;plants bend toward light; and human reflexifely avoid painful stimuli as well as “behave” in a variety of ways as guide by their intelect,emotions and culture
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